A variety of disorders that impact the teeth, gums, lips, throat, and other parts of the oral cavity are referred to as mouth diseases. The severity of these conditions might range from mild irritations to dangerous infections. Maintaining oral health requires knowledge of the different kinds of mouth disorders, their symptoms, and available treatments. Gingivitis: The area of gum tissue surrounding the base of your teeth is irritated, red, and swollen (inflammation) due to this common and mild form of gum disease. Gums that bleed when you brush or floss, sensitive gums, foul breath, and receding gums are possible symptoms. Usually, gingivitis is brought on by poor oral hygiene, which leaves bacteria in plaque on teeth and causes gum infection. Gingivitis can be prevented and treated with good oral hygiene habits, such as consistent brushing, flossing, and dental examinations. Periodontitis: Gingivitis can develop into periodontitis, a more serious form of gum disease, if treatment is not received. Inflammation and infection of the ligaments and bones supporting the teeth are symptoms of periodontitis. Constantly foul breath, swollen or bleeding gums, loose teeth, and painful chewing are some of the symptoms. Antibiotics, extensive cleaning techniques including scaling and root planing, and in extreme situations, surgery, may be used as treatments for periodontitis. Oral Thrush: A fungal infection brought on by an overabundance of Candida yeast in the mouth, oral thrush is also referred to as oral candidiasis. On the tongue, inner cheeks, roof of the mouth, and throat, it manifests as white, creamy lesions. Weakened immune systems, specific drugs (such corticosteroids or antibiotics), and illnesses like diabetes are risk factors. Antifungal drugs in the form of oral tablets, mouthwash, or lozenges are used as a type of treatment. Canker Sores: Also known as aphthous ulcers, canker sores are tiny, painful lesions that appear on the tongue, cheeks, and inner lips of the mouth. These sores usually heal on their own in one to two weeks and are not communicable. But they might be frequent and uncomfortable when eating or talking. Mouth rinses and over-the-counter topical medications can aid with pain relief and healing. Cold Sores: The herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) is the cause of cold sores, commonly known as fever blisters. Around the lips or within the mouth, they resemble clusters of tiny blisters filled with fluid. In addition to being communicable, cold sores can be brought on by stress, sunshine, or compromised immunity. Antiviral drugs can help lessen the severity and duration of outbreaks, even though there is no known cure for the herpes virus. Preventing and treating oral diseases requires maintaining proper oral hygiene, which includes frequent brushing, flossing, and dental checkups. It's crucial to see a dentist for an accurate diagnosis and treatment if you have ongoing symptoms like bleeding gums, oral lesions, or persistent bad breath.
