The female reproductive system, commonly known as the female genital organs, is made up of a complex and sophisticated group of components that are essential to sexual activity and human reproduction. The ovaries, two tiny, almond-shaped organs found in the lower abdomen, are the centre of this system. The fallopian tubes receive the eggs, or ova, that are produced by the ovaries and discharged throughout the menstrual cycle.The fallopian tubes, which are linked to the ovaries, are the route through which eggs go from the ovaries to the uterus. Cilia, microscopic hair-like structures that line the inside of these tubes, enable the egg travel through them. Fertilisation usually takes place in the fallopian tubes. A fertilised egg can implant and grow into a foetus in the muscular organ known as the uterus, commonly referred to as the womb. During the menstrual cycle, the endometrium, which lines the uterus, thickens in preparation for a potential pregnancy. The endometrial lining is lost during menstruation if pregnancy does not take place.The lowest part of the uterus that joins the vagina is called the cervix. The cervical canal, a little aperture in it that lets menstrual blood flow out and acts as a conduit for sperm to enter during sexual activity. Additionally, the cervix is very important during pregnancy since it needs to be closed in order to support the growing foetus. The muscular tube known as the vagina joins the cervix to the external genitalia. It functions as a tube for sex as well as a passageway for menstrual blood. The mucus membranes that coat the vaginal walls are elastic and allow for stretching during birthing.The labia, which are separated into the labia majora (outer lips) and labia minora (inner lips), surround the vaginal opening. These features play a part in sexual stimulation as well as protecting the urethral and vaginal openings.
