A class of pharmaceuticals used to treat pain and reduce inflammation is called anti-inflammatory drugs, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs. They function by preventing the production of prostaglandins, which are bodily substances that increase temperature, discomfort, and inflammation. NSAIDs relieve the symptoms of a number of illnesses, including arthritis, menstrual cramps, headaches, and mild injuries, by blocking these enzymes. Ibuprofen, which is available over-the-counter and in larger doses on prescription, is one of the most widely used NSAIDs. Pain and inflammation brought on by diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis can be effectively managed with ibuprofen. Menstrual cramps, fever, and mild to moderate discomfort are among prevalent conditions for which it is utilized. Aspirin is another popular NSAID that not only lowers pain and inflammation but also thins the blood, which helps some people avoid heart attacks and strokes. Because aspirin also has the added benefit of preventing blood clot formation, it is frequently advised for people who are at risk of experiencing cardiovascular events. Another NSAID that is sold both over-the-counter and with a prescription is naproxen. It is frequently used to treat menstrual cramps, gout, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other illnesses that cause pain and inflammation. Compared to ibuprofen, naproxen has a longer duration of action, which enables less frequent dosing. Prescription NSAID celecoxib is a member of the selective COX-2 inhibitors subclass. Selected COX-2 inhibitors reduce inflammation and pain by primarily targeting the COX-2 enzyme, as opposed to standard NSAIDs that inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. This is achieved with less adverse effects on the stomach lining. Rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and osteoarthritis are among the ailments for which celecoxib is frequently recommended. NSAIDs do not come without dangers, even though they are typically successful in reducing pain and inflammation. Long-term NSAID use raises the risk of heart attack and stroke, increases blood pressure, damages the kidneys, and causes bleeding and ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract. It's critical to use NSAIDs carefully, adhering to the authorized dosage and course of therapy as directed by a medical practitioner. NSAID use may need to be avoided or restricted in those with specific medical disorders, such as peptic ulcer disease, kidney disease, or cardiovascular disease. Before beginning NSAID therapy, it is crucial to speak with a healthcare provider because NSAIDs can interact with other drugs.
