Serotonin and dopamine are neurotransmitters that control mood, emotion, and other physiological activities in the central nervous system. Serotonin receptors, also known as 5-HT receptors, and dopamine receptors are essential parts of this complex system. Antagonists are chemicals that bind to these receptors and reduce their function, potentially causing a variety of impacts on mood, behavior, and mental health. Serotonin receptors are grouped into five subtypes (5-HT1 to 5-HT7), while dopamine receptors are divided into two families (D1-like and D2-like receptors). Antagonists for these receptors might have varying specificities, targeting specific subtypes or families.Pharmacological research has focused on modulating these receptors because of their link with a variety of psychiatric illnesses such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Serotonin receptor antagonists, depending on their subtype selectivity, can affect mood, hunger, sleep, and cognition. For example, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are frequently used to treat nausea and vomiting, whereas 5-HT2 receptor antagonists may be used to treat diseases such as schizophrenia. By inhibiting serotonin receptors, these antagonists disrupt the balance of neurotransmission, perhaps alleviating symptoms linked with serotonin abnormalities. Similarly, dopamine receptor antagonists target the D1- and D2-like receptor families. D2 receptor antagonists, such as standard antipsychotic drugs, are used to treat psychosis and schizophrenia. These antagonists alter dopamine signaling by inhibiting D2 receptors, which can help reduce symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. It is crucial to highlight that serotonin and dopamine receptor antagonists have potential adverse effects. The complicated interplay of neurotransmitters in the brain might result in unintended consequences such as sedation, weight gain, or mobility difficulties. In conclusion, serotonin and dopamine receptor antagonists are pharmacological drugs that act on specific receptors in the central nervous system, regulating neurotransmission and influencing numerous aspects of mental health. The creation and improvement of these antagonists remains a major topic in the search for more effective treatments for psychiatric diseases.