Nitrobenzodiazepines are a type of chemical molecule in the benzodiazepine family distinguished by the presence of a nitro group (-NO2) connected to the benzene rings. These compounds have garnered attention for their pharmacological properties, notably their potential as psychoactive drugs. The word "nitrobenzodiazepines" refers to a wide spectrum of chemical compounds with varying substitutions and atom configurations around the benzodiazepine core. In general, benzodiazepines are known for depressing the central nervous system and are frequently utilized for anxiolytic, hypnotic, sedative, and muscle relaxant qualities. However, nitrobenzodiazepines are a separate subset of this class. The presence of the nitro group brings new pharmacological properties that may affect the overall potency and selectivity of these molecules. Nitrobenzodiazepines have been studied extensively to better understand their receptor interactions, particularly with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in the central nervous system. GABA receptors play an important role in inhibitory neurotransmission, and benzodiazepines alter their activities, resulting in therapeutic actions. The nitro group in nitrobenzodiazepines most likely contributes to their pharmacological profile by affecting GABA receptor binding affinity and efficacy. It is important to note that several nitrobenzodiazepines can have psychotropic effects and be abused for recreational purposes. Misuse of these substances can lead to addiction and catastrophic health consequences. To address potential public health risks, regulatory agencies actively monitor and control the manufacturing, distribution, and use of nitrobenzodiazepines and other psychoactive compounds. Finally, nitrobenzodiazepines belong to a distinct subset of the benzodiazepine family. Their particular pharmacological characteristics are due to their unique chemical structure, which includes the inclusion of a nitro group. While these compounds have potential therapeutic benefits, their misuse and abuse create serious issues, necessitating regulatory action to protect the public. Ongoing research investigates the pharmacology and possible medical use of nitrobenzodiazepines, as well as the hazards connected with them.