Maleates are members of the carboxylates class of substances, which are identified by the presence of a carboxyl group (COOH). The maleate ion is made up of a core carbon atom (C), two carboxyl groups, and a double-bonded oxygen atom (O). Maleates are endowed with this structure's capacity to establish potent hydrogen bonds and display unique chemical reactivity. Maleic anhydride (C4H2O3), a crucial chemical in the creation of resins, polymers, and plastics, is one of the major uses of maleates. Unsaturated polyester resins, which are utilized in coatings, automobile parts, and fiberglass-reinforced plastics, are frequently made using maleic anhydride. Maleates are used in the manufacturing of several different medications as intermediates. Due to their immunomodulatory effects, fumaric acid esters, which are produced from maleic acid, are utilized in the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. Maleates are used as insecticides and herbicides in the agriculture industry. They are crucial instruments for crop security because they prevent the growth and development of undesirable plants and insects. Maleates are also used in the techniques used to treat water. Chelating chemicals, such as maleic acid and its derivatives, can assist clear water sources of metal ions and other pollutants. Maleates are frequently added to copolymers in the field of polymer chemistry to improve their performance. These copolymers are useful in the creation of adhesives, coatings, and packaging materials due to their enhanced adhesion, toughness, and UV resistance. Maleates are adaptable chemical substances that have a variety of uses in sectors including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, polymers, and water treatment. They are vital in many processes due to their distinctive structure and reactivity, which advances science and technology.
