Iron overload in the body can result from a number of illnesses, including hemochromatosis, thalassemia, and frequent blood transfusions. Iron chelation therapy is a medical intervention aimed at treating this disease. This therapy's main objective is to eliminate extra iron from the body and stop it from building up in important organs, which could cause dangerous consequences. Iron is a necessary component for many physiological functions, such as the transportation of oxygen and the synthesis of energy. On the other hand, excessive iron levels can cause oxidative stress and tissue damage. Because every blood transfusion adds more iron to the body, people who need them frequently are more likely to suffer from iron overload. Chelation agents are substances that have the ability to bind to iron and form stable complexes that the body can eliminate. This is one of the main methods used in iron chelation therapy. The iron chelators deferoxamine, deferiprone, and deferasirox are frequently utilized. Deferoxamine is infused subcutaneously or intravenously. It functions by stabilizing an iron complex, which is subsequently excreted in urine. Conversely, oral drugs like deferiprone and deferasirox also bind to iron and help the body expel it through urine and feces. The severity of iron overload, the underlying medical condition, and the unique characteristics of each patient all play a role in the iron chelator selection process. It is imperative to do routine blood tests to monitor iron levels in order to optimize dosage, guarantee therapeutic efficacy, and reduce adverse effects. Despite being widely regarded as safe and effective, iron chelation therapy is not risk-free. Gastrointestinal issues, skin rashes, and, in rare instances, more catastrophic consequences including kidney or liver issues are examples of potential side effects. As a result, careful medical supervision is essential while receiving treatment. To sum up, iron chelation therapy is essential for controlling iron overload and averting related problems. In order to maximize the advantages and minimize the hazards, it needs to be carefully considered in light of the patient's condition and monitored continuously.
