Enones are a type of organic compounds that are distinguished by having both a carbonyl group (C=O) and a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) present in the same molecule. Enones are unusual in their reactivity and adaptability thanks to this structural arrangement, which makes them crucial building blocks in organic synthesis and a crucial component of numerous natural goods and medications. Enones can be divided into two groups: beta, gamma-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, where the double bond is separated by one carbon atom, and alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, where the C=C bond is immediately adjacent to the carbonyl group. Enones are highly useful substrates for a variety of chemical processes, such as nucleophilic additions, cycloadditions, and different transformations. Their reactivity results from the coexistence of the nucleophilic double bond with the electrophilic carbonyl group. Enones are essential in the synthesis of natural products, medicines, and bioactive compounds due to their participation in important metabolic pathways and their capacity to build intricate ring structures through cyclization processes. Enones also play a key role in the synthesis of a number of functionalized compounds, providing a variety of options for molecular tailoring and the creation of novel chemical entities with uses in the pharmaceutical, materials science, and fine chemical industries. Overall, the study of enones' chemistry is essential to expanding our knowledge of organic synthesis and has a major impact on the creation of novel materials and technologies in a variety of fields.
