C7H8O is the molecular formula for a class of organic compounds known as cresyl compounds, or cresols. They come from toluene, which is a typical industrial chemical starting material and solvent. Because of its unique scent, which is like a blend of phenol and coal tar, cresols get their name. There are three isomers in this category of compounds: ortho-, meta-, and para-cresol. Each has special qualities and uses. Ortho-Cresol: Also known as 2-methylphenol, ortho-cresol is the isomer in which the hydroxyl (-OH) group is next to the methyl group (-CH3) when the methyl group is connected to the phenol ring in the ortho position. At room temperature, this isomer is a colorless to yellow liquid with a boiling point of 191°C. Its antibacterial qualities make it a popular choice for use as an antiseptic and disinfectant. Additionally, ortho-cresol is used as a precursor in the production of several compounds and medications. 3-methylphenol, also known as meta-cresol, is a phenol ring compound in which the methyl group is bonded at the meta position, one carbon away from the hydroxyl group. At about 202°C, it boils at a higher temperature than ortho-cresol. It is a white liquid with a sweet, phenolic smell. Herbicides, disinfectants, and resins are all made from meta-cresol. It is also used in the production of perfumes and antioxidants. The methyl group at para-position, right across from the hydroxyl group on the phenol ring, is what distinguishes para-cresol, also referred to as 4-methylphenol. It is a colorless to yellow liquid with a boiling point of about 202°C. Para-cresol is extensively utilized in the production of synthetic perfumes, polymers, and antioxidants. It also acts as a precursor in the synthesis of colors and medications. Applications for cresyl compounds can be found in a wide range of sectors, such as chemical manufacture, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals. They are useful in antiseptics and disinfectants due to their antibacterial qualities. In addition, they are essential as intermediates in the production of many other chemicals, including herbicides, antioxidants, perfumes, and resins. The many isomers of cresols display unique properties that determine their particular use in industrial processes and product formulations, even if their molecular structures are similar.
