Recurrent inflammation of the corneal epithelium, the transparent front layer of the eye, characterizes Recurrent Epithelial Keratitis (REK), a difficult and sometimes crippling ocular illness. If left untreated, this ailment, which predominantly affects the cornea, the eye's outermost surface, can cause serious discomfort and vision impairment. Various symptoms, such as eye redness, discomfort, photophobia (sensitivity to light), blurred vision, and a gritty or foreign body sensation in the eye, are frequently present with REK. Periods of remission are frequently followed by flare-ups in this cyclical pattern of recurrent episodes of inflammation. The underlying causes of REK are diverse and might include autoimmune diseases, predisposing factors, and viral infections like herpes simplex virus (HSV) or herpes zoster virus (HZV). HSV can slumber in the nerve cells of the eye and occasionally reactivate, causing corneal epithelial damage and inflammation. This is one of the most frequent causes of REK. This persistent inflammation can lead to the development of distinctive corneal lesions known as dendritic ulcers, which, when viewed under a microscope, have a branching, tree-like look. In order to avoid problems and maintain visual acuity, REK management is crucial. Antiviral drugs are frequently used as part of treatment plans to prevent viral reproduction, topical corticosteroids are frequently used to manage inflammation, and lubricating eye drops are frequently used to ease discomfort. Other immunosuppressive medications could occasionally be required to treat the underlying autoimmune component of the condition. It's essential to follow up with an eye care specialist on a regular basis to check the condition and modify the treatment strategy as necessary. In order to stop the illness from spreading further, patients with REK should also be informed about the value of proper eye cleanliness and the possibility of contagiousness during active viral outbreaks. In conclusion, Recurrent Epithelial Keratitis is a complicated and recurrent eye ailment that, if left untreated, can have a major negative influence on a person's quality of life. To avoid problems, preserve vision, and lessen discomfort brought on by this illness, prompt diagnosis, adequate treatment, and regular follow-up care are crucial. In order to give patients with REK thorough care, it is essential to comprehend its underlying causes and triggers.
