The overproduction of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland is the hallmark of hyperthyroidism, commonly referred to as an overactive thyroid. This gland, which is located in the neck, is essential for controlling the metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature, among other physiological processes. It can cause a variety of..
The overproduction of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland is the hallmark of hyperthyroidism, commonly referred to as an overactive thyroid. This gland, which is located in the neck, is essential for controlling the metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature, among other physiological processes. It can cause a variety of symptoms and even consequences when it becomes overactive. Unexpected weight loss in spite of an increase in hunger is one of the main signs of an overactive thyroid. This happens as a result of the body burning calories more quickly than usual due to an overactive metabolism. In addition to an irregular heartbeat, perspiration, and shaking hands, patients may also have palpitations, which is characterized by a racing or hammering in the heart. Heat intolerance brought on by the elevated metabolic rate can make people feel overheated and perspiring even in comfortable weather. Because of the faster digestive process, they could also have diarrhea or have frequent bowel movements. Fatigue and muscle weakness are prevalent because the body is always operating at a high level, which wears it out. Mental health can be impacted by hyperthyroidism in addition to physical symptoms. Patients may have trouble focusing or falling asleep, as well as feelings of anxiety, irritability, or nervousness. Additionally, some people may develop Graves' ophthalmopathy, a disorder that causes eye issues like puffy eyes, double vision, or itching. Serious side effects from untreated hyperthyroidism might include heart issues including atrial fibrillation or congestive heart failure. In severe situations, a disease known as thyroid storm may arise, which is marked by excessively high thyroid hormone levels and severe symptoms like fever, disorientation, and rapid heartbeat. It can also weaken the bones, increasing the risk of fractures. Typically, blood tests to evaluate thyroid hormone levels (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are used to diagnose hyperthyroidism. To identify the underlying cause—which could be anything from toxic multinodular goiter to thyroiditis—further examinations like a radioactive iodine uptake scan or thyroid ultrasound might be conducted. The etiology and degree of hyperthyroidism determine the available treatment choices.
