High fluid pressure in the eye, also known as intraocular pressure (IOP), can have major consequences for eye health. The eye maintains a delicate balance between producing and draining aqueous humor, the clear fluid that fills the front of the eye. When this balance is broken, and the fluid does not drain adequately, intraocular pressure increases. Glaucoma, a collection of eye disorders that damage the optic nerve, is a leading cause of high intraocular pressure. Glaucoma is frequently accompanied with high IOP, and if addressed, it can cause irreversible vision loss. The increasing pressure causes stress on the optic nerve, resulting in progressive deterioration and peripheral vision loss. High intraocular pressure symptoms are not always obvious, and the disorder is commonly called eye as the "silent thief of sight" because it can proceed without causing recognizable symptoms until considerable damage has occurred. Regular eye exams are especially important for persons at higher risk, such as those with a family history of glaucoma or those over the age of 40, to ensure early detection and intervention. Several reasons contribute to high intraocular pressure, including heredity, age, and certain medical diseases. Furthermore, trauma to the eye, inflammatory illnesses, and drugs can all affect the balance of fluid in the eye, resulting in increased pressure. Treatment for high intraocular pressure tries to lower the pressure and prevent additional optic nerve injury. To reduce IOP, doctors may give eye drops or oral medicines. In some circumstances, laser therapy or surgical techniques may be prescribed to enhance fluid evacuation from the eye. Regular intraocular pressure monitoring is required for efficient management of the disease. Patients with glaucoma or at risk of high intraocular pressure should collaborate with their eye care providers to design a specific treatment strategy and achieve optimal eye health. Early detection and proactive management are crucial for protecting vision and avoiding irreparable damage caused by high fluid pressure in the eye.
