Glaucoma surgery includes a variety of treatments targeted at lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in order to avoid optic nerve damage and slow the progression of glaucoma, a disorder marked by elevated pressure within the eye. When drugs and other treatments fail to control the illness, surgical intervention is required. In this section, I'll discuss two types of glaucoma surgeries: trabeculectomy and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS). Trabeculectomy: A classic but effective glaucoma surgery is trabeculectomy. The surgeon produces a tiny flap in the sclera (the white area of the eye) to build a new drainage route during this treatment. This duct allows extra fluid from the eye to drain, lowering intraocular pressure. The surgeon may install a small device called a "bleb" that acts as a reservoir for the drained fluid to prevent the new drainage channel from healing shut. While trabeculectomy can effectively lower IOP, it is not without dangers, including infection, hemorrhage, and the possibility of the surgical site healing too much or too little, which might affect the procedure's efficacy. Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS): MIGS operations have grown in popularity since they are less invasive and have a lower risk than standard surgeries. These treatments are often carried out through microscopic or tiny incisions and frequently entail the use of specialized equipment to enhance the drainage system of the eye. The implantation of small stents is one type of MIGS. These stents are put into the drainage system of the eye to create a channel for excess fluid to exit the eye, decreasing intraocular pressure. Another MIGS technique involves employing lasers to improve the drainage system of the eye. MIGS operations are generally seen to be safer and less intrusive than trabeculectomy, resulting in shorter recovery times and lower risk of problems. They may not, however, be appropriate for all types and severity levels of glaucoma. Trabeculectomy and MIGS both aim to treat glaucoma by increasing eye outflow or decreasing fluid generation.The kind and severity of glaucoma, the patient's overall eye health, and their specific circumstances all influence surgery selection.It is critical to consult with an experienced ophthalmologist to decide the best surgical technique for each patient.
