Giardiasis is a gastrointestinal ailment caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia that affects humans and animals worldwide. It is a major cause of waterborne infections in places with poor sanitation and contaminated water sources. Transmission happens by the eating of cysts, the parasite's latent and robust form. These cysts are capable of surviving in a variety of settings, including water, soil, and contaminated food. In the small intestine, they change into trophozoites, the active form of the parasite, causing infection. Symptoms of giardiasis may include diarrhea, stomach cramps, bloating, nausea, and exhaustion and emerge 1-3 weeks after exposure. Individuals who do not exhibit any symptoms may serve as carriers, inadvertently spreading the virus. Stool sample analysis is frequently used to detect Giardia cysts or antigens. Antibiotics such as metronidazole or tinidazole are usually used to remove the parasite. Resistance to these drugs, however, has been recorded, making therapy difficult in some circumstances. The primary goal of prevention is to maintain appropriate hygiene and sanitation. Water can be made safe for consumption by boiling, filtering, or employing chemical treatments. This effectively reduces the danger of illness. Hand cleanliness is critical in preventing transmission, especially after using the restroom and before handling food. While giardiasis is rarely fatal, it can cause persistent problems if left untreated, especially in immunocompromised people or those with pre-existing diseases. Chronic cases can cause malabsorption, weight loss, and gastrointestinal pain. Additionally, visitors to areas with poor sanitation should take precautions to avoid exposure. Consuming safe water, exercising proper hygiene, and being attentive of food sources can reduce the risk of acquiring giardiasis greatly. Public health activities are frequently centered on improving water quality and educating people on the necessity of hygiene. By addressing these factors, the incidence of giardiasis can be minimized, reducing the strain on healthcare systems and increasing community health overall. The importance of maintaining hygienic procedures in limiting the development of this parasite infection cannot be overstated.