The complicated area of electrical engineering and signal processing known as electronic noise systems deals with the investigation, production, and management of noise in electronic circuits and systems. Any unwanted or arbitrary electrical disturbances or fluctuations that could impair the intended performance of electronic equipment and communication systems are referred to as noise in this context. In addition to thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise, and interference from outside sources including electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio-frequency interference (RFI), these noise sources can come from a variety of sources. Characterization and measurement of noise is an essential component of electronic noise systems. Engineers employ a variety of methods and tools to measure noise, including power spectral density (PSD) analysis, noise figure (NF), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Designing low-noise electronic systems and assuring dependable performance in applications including wireless communication, audio processing, medical devices, and scientific instrumentation require an understanding of the nature and characteristics of noise. Electronic noise systems are also a crucial component of techniques for noise control and reduction. To reduce the influence of noise on delicate electronic components, engineers use strategies including noise filtering, shielding, and grounding. They also create specific circuitry to improve signal quality in the presence of noise, such as phase-locked loops and low-noise amplifiers. Furthermore, noise need not always be harmful; in some situations, it may even be added on purpose. Noise is used to give randomness and unpredictability to data streams, boosting security and unpredictability, in industries like random number generation and cryptography. Generally speaking, electronic noise systems are a multidisciplinary field where engineers and researchers continuously strive to better comprehend, control, and harness noise in electronic circuits and systems to enhance performance, reliability, and functionality across a range of technological applications.
