A dangerous viral infection of the retina known as cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis primarily affects those with compromised immune systems, including those living with HIV/AIDS, receiving organ transplants, or receiving certain immunosuppressive therapies. Belonging to the herpesvirus family, CMV can cause blindness if treatment is not received. Reasons and Mode of Transmission The cytomegalovirus, a common virus that may go dormant in the body after an initial infection, is the cause of CMV retinitis. In cases where the immune system is weakened, it may reactivate and cause CMV retinitis. Via the bloodstream, the virus can infect the retina. Signs and symptoms CMV retinitis symptoms can include: hazy vision Floaters: the visual spots blind areas gradual loss of vision and the retina's "cottage cheese" appearance If treatment is not received, these symptoms might escalate from typically affecting one eye to affecting both eyes. For early detection, especially in cases where an individual is at high risk, routine eye exams are essential. Diagnosis An ophthalmologist must do a comprehensive eye examination in order to diagnose CMV retinitis. Using a specialized tool known as an ophthalmoscope, the physician will search for telltale indications of CMV retinitis, including hemorrhages, inflammation of the retina, and the "cottage cheese" appearance of CMV lesions. To determine the degree of retinal injury, additional tests such fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and retinal photography may be carried out. Handling Managing CMV retinitis requires early detection and intervention. Antiviral drugs like foscarnet, valganciclovir, or ganciclovir are frequently used to stop the infection from spreading. Depending on how severe the illness is, these drugs may be given intravenously, orally, or through intraocular implants. To remove the vitreous gel from the eye and enhance the delivery of medication to the retina, a vitrectomy may be required in some circumstances. Forecast Thanks to breakthroughs in treatment, the prognosis for CMV retinitis has considerably improved. But vision loss could still happen, particularly if the illness is not identified right away or if treatment is put off. Consistent ophthalmologist monitoring is crucial for controlling the disease and halting additional visual deterioration. In conclusion, immunocompromised people are predominantly affected by CMV retinitis, a dangerous eye illness. Maintaining vision and averting serious problems require early diagnosis and treatment. Individuals who experience changes in their vision, particularly those with compromised immune systems, ought to promptly seek medical assistance